All in the Family

A “brilliant” history of American beliefs about the family, and how those ideas have affected our politics since the 1960s (Washington Monthly).

In the 1960s, Lyndon Johnson’s Great Society and War on Poverty promised an array of federal programs to assist working-class families. In the 1980s, Ronald Reagan declared the GOP the party of “family values” and promised to keep government out of Americans’ lives. Again and again, historians have sought to explain the nation’s profound political realignment from the 1960s to the 2000s, five decades that witnessed the fracturing of liberalism and the rise of the conservative right. The award-winning historian Robert O. Self is the first to argue that the separate threads of that realignment—from civil rights to women’s rights, from the antiwar movement to Nixon’s “silent majority,” from the abortion wars to gay marriage, from the welfare state to neoliberal economic policies—all ran through the politicized American family.

Based on an astonishing range of sources, All in the Family rethinks an entire era, from the Great Society’s default assumption of a white heterosexual man at the head of each household to the quests for equal rights and opportunities for a broader range of citizens and a more inclusive idea of the American family. He discusses the Roe v. Wade decision and antidiscrimination protections in the workplace, and the furious conservative backlash that began in the 1970s as figures such as George Wallace, Phyllis Schlafly, Anita Bryant, and Jerry Falwell built a political movement based on the perceived moral threat to the traditional family.

Self writes that “family values” conservatives in fact paved the way for fiscal conservatives, and that Reagan’s presidency united the two constituencies—which remained for decades the base of the Republican Party. This is a “powerful, well-researched account of how the efforts of marginalized groups to assert their rights as citizens ran up against the resistance of entrenched privilege, setting the stage for the polarization that grips US politics today. . . [Self] reminds us that our democracy is an imperfect thing, only as noble as the people who constitute it” (The Boston Globe).